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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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World Bank Group, Washington, DC
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World Bank Group, Washington, DC
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Working Paper
2017-03-02T23:24:04Z
World Bank, Washington, DC

This paper examines the clientelistic equilibrium that remains prevalent in much of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region during the post-independence period, undermining service delivery and creating inequality in access. Political institutions and social practices that shape incentives for ...

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