Regulatory reform in all its aspects--deregulation, re-regulation, simplification, and building new institutional capacities for developing and applying high quality market rules--should be integrated throughout Mauritania's efforts to generate the growth and market development needed to combat poverty, improve standards of living, and lay the foundation for a sustainable development. This report identifies practical reforms to regulatory policies, institutions, and processes that can help accelerate economic growth in Mauritania and bring its regulatory practices closer to good international practices. Recommendations fall into three broad categories: 1) use regulatory reform and coordination to enlarge and deepen Mauritania's internal, regional, and international markets in order to stimulate investment and competition; 2) improve public sector capacities to design and apply market-oriented regulation that is transparent, efficient, and neutral; and 3) as the market develops, promote attention to competition principles by clarifying the role of government intervention and focusing on market abuses.