This diagnosis and advocacy policy note highlights key issues in the Djiboutian telecommunications sector and suggests possible recommendations for policy and regulatory reform. In Djibouti the sector is fully vertically integrated and the monopolistic position of Djibouti Telecom on the whole market drives the telecommunication sector to global inefficiencies, impacting the whole social welfare. The note identifies the key operational, regulatory and policy challenges and argues that, in persisting with those identified bottlenecks the country would simply trigger a fiscal and economic opportunity cost expected to dramatically impede the development of the sector, and jeopardize the expected developmental impacts of major infrastructure projects currently initiated. Strategic and Policy recommendations to mitigate the opportunity cost of status quo are eventually proposed. Among the reforms proposed were proposing choices the reform could take, reinforcing the regulatory body of the Ministry of Communication, and creating an IXP and a POP to leverage the impacts of fiber optic projects and make Djibouti an international ICT Gateway.