High production costs in Nigeria result in large measure from poor public provision of electricity. This requires 97 percent of firms to depend on privately-provided power for 67 percent of the time to generate electricity costing 2.42 times more than would have been paid with reliable public provision. This clearly puts Nigerian firms at a competitive disadvantage compared with Ghanaian, let alone Asian firms. Nigerian firms are right to consider infrastructure, particularly the cost of electricity, as their biggest business problem.