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Civil War, Crop Failure, and Child Stunting in Rwanda

ADULT MORTALITY ADULTHOOD AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ARMED CONFLICT ASSET HOLDINGS CASH CROP CHALLENGES OF POPULATION CHILD HEALTH CHILD SURVIVAL CHRONIC MALNUTRITION CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CROPS CULTURAL CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISABILITY EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC SHOCKS EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ETHNIC GROUPS FAMILY RESOURCES FAMINE FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM INCOME FARM OUTPUT FARM SIZE FARMERS FEMALE MORTALITY FERTILITY FOOD FOOD CROP FOOD CROP PRODUCTION FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOOD STAPLES GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENOCIDE GIRLS GRASS-ROOTS HEALTH HEALTH TRENDS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD LEVEL DATA HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN RIGHTS HUSBANDS IMPACT ON CHILDREN INEQUALITY INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFORMATION SYSTEMS INVESTIGATION LAND DEGRADATION LAND SIZE LANDHOLDINGS LIVING CONDITIONS MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS MEDICAL CARE MIGRATION MOTHER NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS OLD-AGE PANDEMIC PARENTS PEACE PENSIONS PHYSICAL DISABILITY POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION PRESSURE POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY REDUCTION PRACTITIONERS PRENATAL CARE PROGRESS REFUGEE REFUGEES RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESPECT RISK SHARING RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SEX SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATE UNIVERSITY SUICIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE VICTIMS WARS YOUNG CHILDREN
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World Bank, Washington, DC
Africa | Rwanda
2012-06-04T18:03:41Z | 2012-06-04T18:03:41Z | 2007-04

Economic shocks at birth have lasting effects on children's health several years after the shock. The authors calculate height for age z-scores for children under age five using data from a Rwandan nationally representative household survey conducted in 1992. They exploit district and time variation in crop failure and civil conflict to measure the impact of exogenous shocks that children experience at birth on their height several years later. They find that boys and girls born after the shock in regions experiencing civil conflict are both negatively affected with height for age z-scores 0.30 and 0.72 standard deviations lower, respectively. Conversely, only girls are negatively affected by crop failure, with these girls exhibiting 0.41 standard deviation lower height for age z-scores and the impact is worse for girls in poor households. Results are robust to using sibling difference estimators, household level production, and rainfall shocks as alternative measures of crop failure.

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