This brief discusses the progress made in the Ethiopia Health Sector Development Program. The program's aims were to develop a health system that provides comprehensive and integrated primary care services, primarily based at community health level facilities. It focuses on communicable diseases, common nutritional disorders, environmental health and hygiene, reproductive health care, immunization, the treatment and control of basic infectious diseases like upper respiratory tract infections, the control of epidemic diseases like malaria, and the control of sexually transmitted diseases especially HIV/AIDS. This brief gives a brief description of the programs components, results on the ground, problems encountered, and lessons learned.