Lighting is a basic human need and, along with cooking, is a fundamental driver of fuel demand for low-income households in the developing world. Women and men without access to electricity typically rely on expensive, inefficient and hazardous lighting devices like kerosene lamps and candles to bring light to their homes and businesses. The annual spending for fuel based lighting worldwide approaches $40 billion, and a growing range of modern lighting products that incorporate innovative designs and business models are gaining market share. Modern off-grid lighting devices combine the latest advances in clean energy technology (for example, solar, LED, and advanced batteries) to provide a safe, efficient, affordable alternative to fuel based lighting. This report focuses on women's role in the expanding market for modern off-grid lighting. In the context of access to energy and lighting, the aim of this work is to identify whether there are any women-specific opportunities in the off-grid lighting market that could enhance product profitability while also improving lives.