Dealing with Violent Extremist Organizations in Africa : The Case of Boko Haram in Nigeria

Abstract

There have been many insurgencies organized in Africa and more pronounced in Nigeria for instance, Boko Haram. For over nine years now, narratives and attempts to control the crisis have been made without total containment. The Global Terrorism Index classified Boko Haram in 2014, as the most ferocious terrorist group in the world. This study explored current tactics, practices of the Boko- Haram sect, and prevailing responses to end Boko-Haram insurgency. It employed qualitative research using secondary data from experts analyzed through content analysis. The study revealed that the dynamic practices and tactics of the insurgency group and efforts of coercive counterterrorism, de-radicalization measures are necessary but not exhaustive in the light of human rights concerns. There is need for nuanced non-coercive strategies predicated on socioeconomic development, good governance, and sustainable livelihood. It is concluded that more efforts of dealing with extremist organizations should now focus on non-coercive and soft approaches such as education and training, negotiation and mediation, research, support, dialogue and reintegration. Even though there has been a split expectedly weakening Boko Haram operations, it is recommended that some inclusive and equitable policies decisively addressing core causes of the uprising be crafted and applied.