Kenya private sector is one of the most developed and dynamic in Sub Saharan Africa. In this context, USAID/Kenya requested that the Private Sector Partnerships-One project (PSP One) conduct an assessment of the private health sector in Kenya. The scope of work involved assessing the role of the private sector in the overall health system, considering the potential of the private sector to play a greater role and identifying ways to improve the public private interface to increase equity, access, and efficiency in the health system. The development of the scope of work also coincided with the start up of the World Bank/International Finance Corporation (IFC) program for better health in Africa, which envisions improvement of the government private sector interface to create new opportunities for investment and lending for growth of the private health sector in Africa. As a result, the PSP One team was able to benefit from World Bank/IFC support for both this report and a summary report that served as a catalyst for a policy dialogue. The recommendations in this report have been revised in consideration of stakeholder feedback received during the policy process.