This document presents the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for the Republic of Burundi (Burundi). The SCD identifies the key challenges and opportunities for Burundi to accelerate progress in poverty reduction and shared prosperity in a sustainable manner, while acknowledging: (i) the need for selectivity in interventions that foster growth and improve living conditions; and (ii) the many competing ‘binding’ reasons for poverty in Burundi. Burundi is a densely populated, poor, and highly fragile country that is home to 11 million people. It is the third most densely populated country in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with an estimated 435 inhabitants per k