Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) is an attempt to marry redistributive and neo-liberal economic policies. The South African state, however, has differing degrees of power to force redistribution on different sectors of the economy. Fisheries is one of the sectors where state allocation of licenses, exploitation rights and quotas makes the prospects for BEE promisin...

Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) is an attempt to marry redistributive and neo-liberal economic policies. The South African state, however, has differing degrees of power to force redistribution on different sectors of the economy. Fisheries is one of the sectors where state allocation of licenses, exploitation rights and quotas makes the prospects for BEE promisin...

In the last two decades, the twin processes of liberalization and privatization have facilitated the ‘capturing’ of key markets and assets by foreign interests in many African countries. This is being increasingly perceived in domestic constituencies as a loss of national ownership and has prompted attempts by the state to defend the interests of ‘local’ fi...