On October 1st, 1972, the Minister of Justice of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan constituted a committee consisting of 25 leading members of the Sudanese Legal Profession for the purpose of “re-examining fully the Sudan Civil Code, 1971, the Civil Procedure Code, 1972, the Civil Evidence Code, 1972, and the draft Penal and Commercial Codes”. The Committee was ...

The object of this paper is to throw some light on the attitude of the courts to exemption clauses and to find out whether the difference between the Sudan and England in some of the relevant factors such as economic conditions, literacy and business awareness had led to results different from those achieved in England. The case-law available does not permit a comp...

The category of exemption clauses which has received the most detailed treatment in the Sudan Courts is the owners’ risk clauses in contracts for the carriage of goods by the Sudan Railways and Steamers. The owners’ risk clause is a clause incorporated by reference in all contracts for the carriage of goods at owners’ risk.