This study investigates the degree of convergence in military expenditure and security outcomes for a panel of 34 African countries spanning the period 1995 to 2015. We apply the Phillips and Sul methodology. Overall, the results reveal no evidence among African countries to suggest that military expenditure and security outcomes converge. The results of the analys...

This study investigates the degree of convergence in military expenditure and security outcomes for a panel of 34 African countries spanning the period 1995 to 2015. We apply the Phillips and Sul methodology. Overall, the results reveal no evidence among African countries to suggest that military expenditure and security outcomes converge. The results of the analys...

This study investigates the degree of convergence in military expenditure and security outcomes for a panel of 34 African countries spanning the period 1995 to 2015. We apply the Phillips and Sul methodology. Overall, the results reveal no evidence among African countries to suggest that military expenditure and security outcomes converge. The results of the analys...

This study investigates the degree of convergence in military expenditure and security outcomes for a panel of 34 African countries spanning the period 1995 to 2015. We apply the Phillips and Sul methodology. Overall, the results reveal no evidence among African countries to suggest that military expenditure and security outcomes converge. The results of the analys...