Empowerment of students at various South African universities, as agents of change entails acquisition of knowledge and skills that are actually contextualized in real African; while at the same time, students can globally compete with their contemporaries. To actualize learning in this context, as the reality that can indeed transform students into responsive citi...

The in-service professional development of teachers plays a prominent role in determining quality education in developing African countries. This study evaluated the use of the cluster system as one of the in-service professional development approaches for teachers in South African high schools. The theory of andragogy was used as a theoretical framework to underpi...